Wednesday, September 18, 2019
Alpert/Ziegelman-Goldfoot Genealogy From Rabbis of Worms, Germany, Troyes and Dampierre, France
Andi Ziegelman
Nadene Goldfoot
Ashkenazis of today are now found through DNA testing to have come from 350 Jews who lived 600 to 800 years ago. That takes us back between 1214 and 1414. There was a bottleneck that caused the European population to be down to such a low number.
My Goldfoot line descended from Halpern/Alpert ancestors, many who lived in Worms, Germany. From Rabbi Wertheimer to Rashi to King David, our genes traveled back to the Kingdom of Judah.
Though Goldfoot is of Q1b1a haplotype, we have intermarried with Jews of their haplogroups, such as the Cohen line of J1c3d and E1s and a few others common in European Jews. The Familyfinder test from FTDNA is an autosomal DNA test that matches chromosomes, and this led to the finding of being connected to the Rabbi of Worms; actually several of the rabbis living there, who were connected to RASHI.
Below is the work from our Halpern leader through Family Tree DNA, Andi Ziegelman who said, "We both descend from this guy below." Andi Ziegelman.
*** ISAAC BEN SAMUEL HA-ZAKEN of Dampierre ***
French tosafist and Biblical commentator: flourished at Ramerupt and Dampierre in the twelfth century. He died, according to Gratz ("Gesch." vi.210),
about 1200; according to Gross ("Gallia Judaica," p. 161, and "R.E.J."vii.76),
between 1185 and 1195; and as he is known to have reached an advanced age, Gross supposes that he was not born later than 1115.
On the other hand, Michael ("Or ha-Hayyim," p. 512) says that as Isaac b.Samuel was spoken of as "the sainted master" ("Sefer ha-Terumah," 55
131, 161; Tos., Zeb. 12b.59b), a term generally given to martyrs, he may have been killed at the same time as his son, Elhanan (1184).
On his father's side Isaac was a grandson of R. Simhah of Vitry, author of the Hahzor Vitry; on his mother's side he was a nephew of R. Tam of RAshbam, and of Isaac b. Meir (RiBaM), a great-grandson of Rashi, and a relative of R. Eleazar of Worms.
The Rabbi of Worms was Eleazar Ben Judah (1160-1238), a native of Mainz, Germany and from 1201, he was rabbi at Worms, Germany. His wife and 2 daughters were slaughtered by Crusaders before his eyes in 1196. His works made the Ashkenazi theory of practical kabbalah popular which stressed the doctrine of repentance. His ethical teachings were embodied in his code, Sepher ha-Rokeah (The Book of the Spice Dealer). Then he was known as Eleazar Rokeah.
Isaac ben Samuel was surnamed "ha-Zaken" (the elder) to distinguish him from another tosafist of the same name, Isaac b. Abraham, surnamed "ha-Bahur" (the younger). He is often quoted as R. Isaac of Dampierre ("Maimuniyyot, "Ma'akalot Asurot, No. 5; "Shibbole ha-Leket" ii., No. 40,
It seems that he lived first at Ramerupt, where his maternal grandfather resided ("Sefer ha-Nayyar," p. 162; "Maimuniyyot,"l.c.). It was also at Ramerupt that he studied under his Uncle R. Tam (Luria, Responsa, No.29). After the latter had gone to Troyes, Isaac b. Samuel directed his school.
The village of Ramerupt is a small village located north east of France. The town of Ramerupt is located in the department of Aube of the french region Champagne-Ardenne. The town of Ramerupt is located in the township of Ramerupt part of the district of Troyes.
Isaac settled in Dampierre later, and founded there a flourishing and well-attended school ("Or Zarua", i.126). It is said that he had sixty pupils, each of whom, besides being generally well grounded in Talmud, knew an entire treatise by heart, so that the whole Talmud was stored in the memories of his pupils (Menahem, "Zedah la-Derek," Introduction). As he lived under Philip Augustus, at whose hands the Jews suffered uch, Isaac prohibited the buying of confiscated Jewish property, and ordered that any so bought be restored to its original owner.
A particular interest attaches to one of his responsa, in which he relies on the oral testimony of his aunt, the wife of R. Isaac b. Meir, and on that of the wife of R. Eleazar of Worms, a great-granddaughter of Rashi ("Sefer ha-Nayyar," p. 167.a).
Isaac's tosafot completed the commentary of Rashi on the Talmud (Romm of Wilna included in his edition of the Talmud, Isaac ben Samiuel's tosafot on Kiddushin). He also compiled and edited with great erudition all the preceding explanations to Rashi's commentary. His first collection was entitled "Tosefot Yeshanim," which, however, was afterward revised and developed. He is quoted on almost every page of the Tosafot, and in various works, especially in the "Sefer ha-Terumah" of his pupil Bariuch b. Isaac of Worms, and in the "Or Zarua" of Isaac b. Moses.
Isaac is mentioned as a Biblical commentator by Judah b. Eliezer ("Minhat Yehudah," p. 8b), who quotes also a work of Isaac's entitled "Yalkute Midrash" (ib. p. 22a); by Isaac ha-Levi; by Hezekiah b. Manoah in his "Hazzekuni"; and in two other commentaries (see "Kerem Hemed," vii.68). Isaac b. Samuel is supposed to be the author also of several liturgical poems, of a piyyut to the Haftarah (Landshuth, "ammude ha-'Abodah," p. 108, and of a piyyut for Purim (Mahzor Vitry, No. 255; comp. Luzzatto in Berliner's "Magazin," v. 27, Hebr.part). The authorship of these piyyutim may, however, belong to the liturgical writer, Isaac b. Samuel of Narbonne.
From the New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia, I find that Isaac, also known as Rabbi Isaac ha-Zaken, who was born before 1115 and died after 1184 was a French tosaphist. He succeeded his uncle, Rabbenu Tam, as head of the Ramerupt Yeshivah and later settled at Dampierre. His tosaphot (critical and explanatory notes on the Talmud by French and German scholars of the 12th to 14th centuries) are quoted by his pupils, while his responsa are scattered through many contemporary works.
His commentary on the Pentateuch has not survived. The tosaphots were initially supplementary to Rashi's Talmud commentary, which they frequently criticize and modify. The tosaphists soon developed a new independent mode of Talmud study. They also investigated in detail the form and content of the talmudic discussions and demonstrated that these too contained implicitly a considerable body of law which they proceeded to render explicit.
Isaac was interested in mysticism and was in touch with the Kabbalists of southern France. His scholarly son, Ethanan, was martyred in his lifetime and died in 1184.
From Andi: See below all the rabbis that studied under R. Isaac ben Samuel of Dampierre, in Isaac's school.
I don't have time now to check, but if I remember correctly, all these students of Isaac's went on to lead synagogues in their home towns of France. Each synagogue had to have nine more men in addition to the rabbi. At the time these students lived, there were also Jews in Germany and Italy and a few in Poland.
"The bottleneck was in this case in the interval 950-1250 AD. The size of the Ashkenazi population dropped to some 350 people. "
"The second admixture occurred according to [1] in Eastern Europe 10-20 generations ago. That gives the time span 1400-1700 AD. No mass conversions to Judaism are known from early Jewish communities in Eastern Europe."
"According to the estimates for 2007 of the Jewish People Policy Planning Institute, the world population of Jews is 13.2 million.[1] Adherents.com cites figures ranging from 12 to 18 million Jews.[2] These statistics incorporate both practicing Jews affiliated with synagogues and the Jewish community, and approximately 4.5 million unaffiliated and secular Jews. In 2007, 41% of the world’s Jews were living in Israel." We are 0.02% of the world population.
Have you ever read the entries in the online JewishEncyclopedia for FRANCE, GERMANY, ITALY, POLAND? They are very informative.
Best, Andi.
Search for "Isaac ben Samuel of Dampierre" by:
1. SAMUEL BEN JOSEPH OF VERDUN...French tosafist of the 12th and 13th centuries. He was a disciple of Isaac ben Samuel the Elder of Dampierre, with whom he corresponded, and is mentioned in the Tosafot, in "Or Zarua," and in ...Haggahot Maimuniyyot" as "ha-bahur" (the Yunger). He is sometimes confounded with Samuel ben Hayyim, likewise cited as "Samuel of Verdun." Bibliography:
2. DAMPIERRE...debtor the seigneurs of Dampierre and the abbey of Saint-Loup of Troyes.Rabbis:
(1) Isaac ben Samuel the Elder, abbreviated, surnamed "the Saint".
(5) Isaac ha Laban ben Jacob..Brussel,... the Middle Ages there was a somewhat important Jewish community in this village. King Philippe-Auguste, after an agreement with the Countess of Champagne, and Gui.Seigneur of Dampierre in 1206 ordered the Jews...
3. SOLOMON BEN JUDAH OF DREUX...French tosafist and Bible commentator of the 12th and 13th centuries. He was a disciple of Isaac ben Samuel the Elder of Dampierre, and presided over the school of Dreux during the 1st quarter of...who corresponded with Isaac ben Abraham of Dampierre; was most probably a son of the subject of this article. Bibliography.
4. DAVID THE PIOUS...him with R. David ben Joseph, who, with Isaac ben Abraham of Dampierre, Isaac ben DAvid, and Joseph ben Moses, adopted the decisions of the synod of Troyes which had met about 1160 under the auspices of Rabbenu...Together with Solomon ben Judah the Saint of Dreux, the two brothers Simson and Isaac ben Abraham of Dampierre, Samson of Corbeil, Abraham of Touques, and Eliezser be Aaron of Burgundy, he was among those scholars of...Tam.Samuell of Falaise (Sir Morel) probably referred to David the Pious when he spoke of as being a contemporary of Sir Leon of Paris ("Rev. Et.Juives"vii.47....
5. NATHANAEL OF CHINON...French tosafist: flourished about 1220. He was a disciple of Isaac ben Samuel of Dampierre. After 1224 Nathanael was director of the yshibah in Chinon and was in correspondence with the most famous and...learned of his contemporaries, including Samuel ben Sheneor of Evreux, Isaac of Evreux (author of "Sha'are Dura"), Jehiel of Paris and Isaac ben Todros. The last, in answer to Nathanael of Chinon's reuest for his...opinion concerning a question at issue between himself and Jehiel, wrote that he dared not speak in the presence of the "pillars of the world." Nathanael wrote tosafot to the treatises Bezah, Hullin, Berakot, and...
6. ELIEZER BEN SAMUEL OF VERONA...Italian tosafist, lived about the beginning of the 13th century. He was a disciple of Rabbi Isaac the elder, of Dampierre, and grandfather of the philosopher and physician HILLEL OF FORLI. He had...resulted, into which other rabbis were drawn, Eliezer ben Samuel is often quoted on Biblical and halakic questions. Mordecai, in speaking of Eliezer, calls him "Eliezer of Verdun," though undoubtedly meaning "Verona...sanctioned the second marriage of a young woman whose husband had probably, though not certainly, perished by shipwreck. But Eliezer ben Joel ha-Levi refused to endorse the permission, and a protracted controversy....
7. ISAAC BEN SAMUEL HA-ZAKEN...says that as Isaac b. Samuel was spoken of as "the sainted master", a term generally given to martyrs, he may have been killed at the same time as his son...quoted as R. Isaac of Dampierre ("Maimuniyyot," Ma'akalot Asurot, NO.5; "Shibbole ha-Leket"ii,No.40), but it seems that he lived first at Ramerupt, where his maternal grandfather resided ("Sefer ha-Nayyar,"p...a Talmud (Romm of Wilna included in his edition of the Talmud Isaac ben Samuel's tosafot on Kiddushin). He also compiled and edited with great erudition all the preceding explanations to Rashi's commentary. His first...
8.ABRAHAM OF TROYES... incident. Eleazar ha-Nadib (the word nadib denotes a Jewish Maecenas), against whom he had brought an action, demurred to appearing before the rabbinical court at Troyes; and being supported by Isaac ben Samuel...of Dampierre, had his ase referred to another tribunal (ross, "Gallia Judaica," pp. 165, 239). Yom Tob ha-Nadib, the son of Eleazar, being placed in a similar position, also refused to be judged at Troyes, and...was sustained in his contention by Judah Sire Leon of Paris ("Rev. Et.Juives," vii.42(. At the same time, Simson ben Abraham of Sens took the part of the son-in-law of Simson of Troyes, who, being afraid of the...
9. JONATHAN BEN DAVID HA-KOHEN OF LUNEL...went with Tobiah and Samuel ben Simson; he corresponded with Isaac ben Abraham of Dampierre, who had sent him a Talmudic responsum on a subject concerning the Holy Land.
10.BARUCH B. ISAAC (ha Kohen?)... Isaac b. Samuel of Dapierre, Baruch wrote tosafot to several treatises (e.g., Kiddushin, Nazir, Shabbat, Hullin): nearly all those extant on the order Zebahim are his A. Epstein believes that the ...tosafist and codifier; flourished about 1200. He was born at Worms, but lived at Regensburg; hence he is sometimes called after the one and sometimes after the other city. A pupil of the great Tosafist...commentary on the Sifra contained in the Munich MS. No.59 is the work of this Baruch. He is the author also of the legal compendium, "Sefer ha-Terumah" (book of the Heave-Offering, Venice 1523; Zolkiev, 1811...
11. JUDAH BEN ISAAC...French tosafist, born in Paris 1166, died there 1224 (Solomon Luria, Responsa,No.29). According to Gross he was probably a descendant of Rashi, and a pupil of Isaac b. Samuel of Dampierre and his son...associated with Abraham, occurs the name of Leo blund, whom Jacobs identifies with Judah ben Isaac (ib.p.88; comp. Bacher, in "J.Q.R."vi.360). Sir Leon must have left Paris in 1182...when all Jews were expelled from the French king's dominions; he did not return till 1198. According to Gross, however, he received his chief training at Dampierre under Simson of Sens, Simson of Coucy, Solomon of...
12. SAMSON BEN ABRAHAM OF SENS...School of Rabbi Isaac ben Samuel ha-Zaaen of Dampierre, after whose death he took charge of the school of Sens. Asheri says of him that after R. Tam and Isaac ben Samuel, he exercised the greatest influence upon....the Younger to distinguish him from his t eacher, Isaac the Elder (Isaac ben Samuel), whom he succeeded as principal of the school of Dampierre; is also onae of the prominent toafists. He wrote, too, some....Talmudic studies in France and in Germany during the 13th century. Joseph Colon declares that Isaac ben Samiuel, Judah Sir Leon of Paris, and Samson ben Abraham formed the three strong pillars of the northern...
13. SAMSON BEN SAMSON ....Museum.) Samson was a disciple of Isaac "ben Samuel the Elder of Dampierre and one of the prominent rabbis to whom Meir ben Todros Abulafia addressed his letter of protest against Maimonides...
Isaac ben Moses of Vienna, with whom Samson corresponded, was one of his pupils. Many of Samson's ritual deisions are mentioned in the rabbinical works "Or Zarua"," "SeMaG," "Orhot Hayyim," and "PIske Rekantati...commentator. Samson was a descendant of Joseph b. Samuel Bonfils, a nephew of the tosafist Judah of Corbeil, and a brother-in-law of Moses of Concy, who in "SeMaG" often quotes him. In the glosses of Perez on "SeMaG....
14. TOUL...mentioned R. Eliezer of Toul, the author of tosafot; and his brothe Abraham, a pupil of Rabbi Isaac the Elder of Damierre and identical, according to Gross, with Abraham of V12p211002.jpg.
15. CHATEAU-THIERRY...ALSO ASCRIBED TO HIM (zUNZ, "z.g."P.38). ZUNZ (l.c.) says that Samuel was the son of R. Yom-Tob of Evreux and the disciple of R. Isaac b. Abraham of Dampieerre. Gross ("Gallia Judaica," p. 39) on the ...contrary, identifies him with R. Samuel ben Shneor, the correspondent of R. Jehiel of Paris, and Nathaniel, the Elder, of Chinon. R. Isaac and his son Bonne Vie are two scholars of this place only known through...the Pious, one of the celebrated French rabbis to whom R. Meir ben Todros Abuilafia of Toledo addressed, about 1204, his letter against the theory of the resurrection as propounded by Maimonides. Samuel of...
16. ABRAHAM BEN NATHAN...abraham-ben-david-of-posuieres
His regular rabbinical studies, however, were pursued at Dampierre, in northern France, at the academy of R. Isaac ben Samuel, called R....epistolary conclusion: Shalom! A.B.N." (Greeting! Abraham ben Nathan). The 2nd part contains extracts from the halakic works of Alfasi, Isaac ibn Giat, and Isaac ben Abba Mari, a relative of Abraham's. The...French author, born in the 2nd half of the 12th century, probably at Luinei, Languedoc. He received his education in that town, after which he is sometimes called ("RABN"=RABBI ABRAHAM BEN NATHAN...
17. TOSAFOT...
It is the critical and explanatory note on the Talmud by French and German scholars of the 12th-14th centuries, first meant to be supplements to Rashi's Talmud commentary. What is the Talmud? We have 2 of them; the Babylonian version and the Palestinian version. They are the records of academic discussion and of judicial administration of JEWISH LAW.
Samuel ha-Zaen (RI) of Dampierre, whose tosafot form a part of the Tosafot Yshanim (see below). Isaac was succeeded by his pupil ben-abraham-of-sens" Samson ben...No.6). After the death of Isaac ben Samuel, Isaac ben Abraham succeeded him as head of the school of Dampierre, after which place he is often called ("Or Zarua", i.225a). Isaac ben Abraham was oneof the...tosafot (for example, those to Kiddushin by Isaac b. Samuel ha-Zaken of Dampierre, and those to 'Abodah Zarah by his son, Elhanan b. Isaac); (3) a collection of old tosafot published by Joseph Jessel b. Wolf ha-Levi...
Interestingly, the Crusaders have a story as well about Guy de Dampierre and a damsel named Rebecca. Could it be that a Crusader fell in love with a Jewish maiden? It's a Scottish tale. She is the image of Elizabeth Taylor, who did convert to Judaism, by the way. It's the story of IVANHOE: Loyal British knight Wilfred of Ivanhoe (Robert Taylor) sets out on a mission to free the kidnapped King of England, Richard the Lionheart (Norman Wooland), in this rousing adventure tale. The brave Ivanhoe must eventually confront the devious Prince John (Guy Rolfe) and the fierce Norman warrior Brian de Bois-Guilbert (George Sanders), while also juggling the affections of the beautiful maidens Rowena (Joan Fontaine) and Rebecca (Elizabeth Taylor).
Bibliography:
Azulai, Shem ha-Gedolim, i.;
Michael, Or haHayyim, pp. 511-513;
Qwiaa, Soe, ic.286, 342, 349;
Gratz, Gesch. 3d ed., vi. 210, 211, 214;
Gross, Gallia Judaica, pp. 161- 168, 638
idem, in R.E.J.vii. 76;
Neubauer, ib. xvii.67
Resource:
https://goldfoot_genealogy.blogspot.com/2014/10/goldfoot-genealogy-from-rabbis-of-worms.html
https://goldfoot_genealogy.blogspot.com/2015/08/unusual-connecting-to-wertheimer-family.html
http://www.pienisalaliittotutkimus.com/2018/02/17/origins-of-the-ashkenazi-jews/
Nadene Goldfoot
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| Chateau at Dampierre, France |
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| King David 1010-970 BCE |
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| RASHi 1040-1105 |
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| Rabbi Wertheimer 1658-1724 |
Though Goldfoot is of Q1b1a haplotype, we have intermarried with Jews of their haplogroups, such as the Cohen line of J1c3d and E1s and a few others common in European Jews. The Familyfinder test from FTDNA is an autosomal DNA test that matches chromosomes, and this led to the finding of being connected to the Rabbi of Worms; actually several of the rabbis living there, who were connected to RASHI.
Below is the work from our Halpern leader through Family Tree DNA, Andi Ziegelman who said, "We both descend from this guy below." Andi Ziegelman.
*** ISAAC BEN SAMUEL HA-ZAKEN of Dampierre ***
French tosafist and Biblical commentator: flourished at Ramerupt and Dampierre in the twelfth century. He died, according to Gratz ("Gesch." vi.210),
about 1200; according to Gross ("Gallia Judaica," p. 161, and "R.E.J."vii.76),
between 1185 and 1195; and as he is known to have reached an advanced age, Gross supposes that he was not born later than 1115.
On the other hand, Michael ("Or ha-Hayyim," p. 512) says that as Isaac b.Samuel was spoken of as "the sainted master" ("Sefer ha-Terumah," 55
131, 161; Tos., Zeb. 12b.59b), a term generally given to martyrs, he may have been killed at the same time as his son, Elhanan (1184).
On his father's side Isaac was a grandson of R. Simhah of Vitry, author of the Hahzor Vitry; on his mother's side he was a nephew of R. Tam of RAshbam, and of Isaac b. Meir (RiBaM), a great-grandson of Rashi, and a relative of R. Eleazar of Worms.
The Rabbi of Worms was Eleazar Ben Judah (1160-1238), a native of Mainz, Germany and from 1201, he was rabbi at Worms, Germany. His wife and 2 daughters were slaughtered by Crusaders before his eyes in 1196. His works made the Ashkenazi theory of practical kabbalah popular which stressed the doctrine of repentance. His ethical teachings were embodied in his code, Sepher ha-Rokeah (The Book of the Spice Dealer). Then he was known as Eleazar Rokeah.
Isaac ben Samuel was surnamed "ha-Zaken" (the elder) to distinguish him from another tosafist of the same name, Isaac b. Abraham, surnamed "ha-Bahur" (the younger). He is often quoted as R. Isaac of Dampierre ("Maimuniyyot, "Ma'akalot Asurot, No. 5; "Shibbole ha-Leket" ii., No. 40,
It seems that he lived first at Ramerupt, where his maternal grandfather resided ("Sefer ha-Nayyar," p. 162; "Maimuniyyot,"l.c.). It was also at Ramerupt that he studied under his Uncle R. Tam (Luria, Responsa, No.29). After the latter had gone to Troyes, Isaac b. Samuel directed his school.
The village of Ramerupt is a small village located north east of France. The town of Ramerupt is located in the department of Aube of the french region Champagne-Ardenne. The town of Ramerupt is located in the township of Ramerupt part of the district of Troyes.
Isaac settled in Dampierre later, and founded there a flourishing and well-attended school ("Or Zarua", i.126). It is said that he had sixty pupils, each of whom, besides being generally well grounded in Talmud, knew an entire treatise by heart, so that the whole Talmud was stored in the memories of his pupils (Menahem, "Zedah la-Derek," Introduction). As he lived under Philip Augustus, at whose hands the Jews suffered uch, Isaac prohibited the buying of confiscated Jewish property, and ordered that any so bought be restored to its original owner.
A particular interest attaches to one of his responsa, in which he relies on the oral testimony of his aunt, the wife of R. Isaac b. Meir, and on that of the wife of R. Eleazar of Worms, a great-granddaughter of Rashi ("Sefer ha-Nayyar," p. 167.a).
Isaac's tosafot completed the commentary of Rashi on the Talmud (Romm of Wilna included in his edition of the Talmud, Isaac ben Samiuel's tosafot on Kiddushin). He also compiled and edited with great erudition all the preceding explanations to Rashi's commentary. His first collection was entitled "Tosefot Yeshanim," which, however, was afterward revised and developed. He is quoted on almost every page of the Tosafot, and in various works, especially in the "Sefer ha-Terumah" of his pupil Bariuch b. Isaac of Worms, and in the "Or Zarua" of Isaac b. Moses.
Isaac is mentioned as a Biblical commentator by Judah b. Eliezer ("Minhat Yehudah," p. 8b), who quotes also a work of Isaac's entitled "Yalkute Midrash" (ib. p. 22a); by Isaac ha-Levi; by Hezekiah b. Manoah in his "Hazzekuni"; and in two other commentaries (see "Kerem Hemed," vii.68). Isaac b. Samuel is supposed to be the author also of several liturgical poems, of a piyyut to the Haftarah (Landshuth, "ammude ha-'Abodah," p. 108, and of a piyyut for Purim (Mahzor Vitry, No. 255; comp. Luzzatto in Berliner's "Magazin," v. 27, Hebr.part). The authorship of these piyyutim may, however, belong to the liturgical writer, Isaac b. Samuel of Narbonne.
From the New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia, I find that Isaac, also known as Rabbi Isaac ha-Zaken, who was born before 1115 and died after 1184 was a French tosaphist. He succeeded his uncle, Rabbenu Tam, as head of the Ramerupt Yeshivah and later settled at Dampierre. His tosaphot (critical and explanatory notes on the Talmud by French and German scholars of the 12th to 14th centuries) are quoted by his pupils, while his responsa are scattered through many contemporary works.
His commentary on the Pentateuch has not survived. The tosaphots were initially supplementary to Rashi's Talmud commentary, which they frequently criticize and modify. The tosaphists soon developed a new independent mode of Talmud study. They also investigated in detail the form and content of the talmudic discussions and demonstrated that these too contained implicitly a considerable body of law which they proceeded to render explicit.
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| Crusaders went through Europe killing Jews while on the way to Jerusalem |
Isaac was interested in mysticism and was in touch with the Kabbalists of southern France. His scholarly son, Ethanan, was martyred in his lifetime and died in 1184.
From Andi: See below all the rabbis that studied under R. Isaac ben Samuel of Dampierre, in Isaac's school.
I don't have time now to check, but if I remember correctly, all these students of Isaac's went on to lead synagogues in their home towns of France. Each synagogue had to have nine more men in addition to the rabbi. At the time these students lived, there were also Jews in Germany and Italy and a few in Poland.
Our Halpern ancestors wrote (I don't know where - in their books I guess) that because life was so hard from 1200 -1500, they didn't have a family tree for that period.
So maybe in the 1100s there were more Jews in Europe than in the 1400s. I don't know."The bottleneck was in this case in the interval 950-1250 AD. The size of the Ashkenazi population dropped to some 350 people. "
"The second admixture occurred according to [1] in Eastern Europe 10-20 generations ago. That gives the time span 1400-1700 AD. No mass conversions to Judaism are known from early Jewish communities in Eastern Europe."
"According to the estimates for 2007 of the Jewish People Policy Planning Institute, the world population of Jews is 13.2 million.[1] Adherents.com cites figures ranging from 12 to 18 million Jews.[2] These statistics incorporate both practicing Jews affiliated with synagogues and the Jewish community, and approximately 4.5 million unaffiliated and secular Jews. In 2007, 41% of the world’s Jews were living in Israel." We are 0.02% of the world population.
Have you ever read the entries in the online JewishEncyclopedia for FRANCE, GERMANY, ITALY, POLAND? They are very informative.
Best, Andi.
Search for "Isaac ben Samuel of Dampierre" by:
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| RASHI (1040-1105) (SOLOMON BAR ISAAC) born in Troyes, France studied in the Rhineland. He was at Worms for a time, his first teacher being Jacob b. Yakar, of whom he speaks with great veneration. After Jacob's death his place was successively filled by Isaac ben Eleazar ha Levi, or Segan Lewiyah, and by...name of Yarhi, applied to him as early as the 16th century, originated in a confusion of Solomon bar Isaac with one Solomon de Luinel, and a further error caused the town of Lunel to be regarded as Rashi's....Rashi's relative, Isaac b. Judah, the head of the school of Mayence, a school rendered illustrious through R. Gershom b. Judah (the "Light of the Exile), who may be regarded as Rashi's precursor, although he was..... |
2. DAMPIERRE...debtor the seigneurs of Dampierre and the abbey of Saint-Loup of Troyes.Rabbis:
(1) Isaac ben Samuel the Elder, abbreviated, surnamed "the Saint".
(5) Isaac ha Laban ben Jacob..Brussel,... the Middle Ages there was a somewhat important Jewish community in this village. King Philippe-Auguste, after an agreement with the Countess of Champagne, and Gui.Seigneur of Dampierre in 1206 ordered the Jews...
3. SOLOMON BEN JUDAH OF DREUX...French tosafist and Bible commentator of the 12th and 13th centuries. He was a disciple of Isaac ben Samuel the Elder of Dampierre, and presided over the school of Dreux during the 1st quarter of...who corresponded with Isaac ben Abraham of Dampierre; was most probably a son of the subject of this article. Bibliography.
4. DAVID THE PIOUS...him with R. David ben Joseph, who, with Isaac ben Abraham of Dampierre, Isaac ben DAvid, and Joseph ben Moses, adopted the decisions of the synod of Troyes which had met about 1160 under the auspices of Rabbenu...Together with Solomon ben Judah the Saint of Dreux, the two brothers Simson and Isaac ben Abraham of Dampierre, Samson of Corbeil, Abraham of Touques, and Eliezser be Aaron of Burgundy, he was among those scholars of...Tam.Samuell of Falaise (Sir Morel) probably referred to David the Pious when he spoke of as being a contemporary of Sir Leon of Paris ("Rev. Et.Juives"vii.47....
5. NATHANAEL OF CHINON...French tosafist: flourished about 1220. He was a disciple of Isaac ben Samuel of Dampierre. After 1224 Nathanael was director of the yshibah in Chinon and was in correspondence with the most famous and...learned of his contemporaries, including Samuel ben Sheneor of Evreux, Isaac of Evreux (author of "Sha'are Dura"), Jehiel of Paris and Isaac ben Todros. The last, in answer to Nathanael of Chinon's reuest for his...opinion concerning a question at issue between himself and Jehiel, wrote that he dared not speak in the presence of the "pillars of the world." Nathanael wrote tosafot to the treatises Bezah, Hullin, Berakot, and...
6. ELIEZER BEN SAMUEL OF VERONA...Italian tosafist, lived about the beginning of the 13th century. He was a disciple of Rabbi Isaac the elder, of Dampierre, and grandfather of the philosopher and physician HILLEL OF FORLI. He had...resulted, into which other rabbis were drawn, Eliezer ben Samuel is often quoted on Biblical and halakic questions. Mordecai, in speaking of Eliezer, calls him "Eliezer of Verdun," though undoubtedly meaning "Verona...sanctioned the second marriage of a young woman whose husband had probably, though not certainly, perished by shipwreck. But Eliezer ben Joel ha-Levi refused to endorse the permission, and a protracted controversy....
7. ISAAC BEN SAMUEL HA-ZAKEN...says that as Isaac b. Samuel was spoken of as "the sainted master", a term generally given to martyrs, he may have been killed at the same time as his son...quoted as R. Isaac of Dampierre ("Maimuniyyot," Ma'akalot Asurot, NO.5; "Shibbole ha-Leket"ii,No.40), but it seems that he lived first at Ramerupt, where his maternal grandfather resided ("Sefer ha-Nayyar,"p...a Talmud (Romm of Wilna included in his edition of the Talmud Isaac ben Samuel's tosafot on Kiddushin). He also compiled and edited with great erudition all the preceding explanations to Rashi's commentary. His first...
8.ABRAHAM OF TROYES... incident. Eleazar ha-Nadib (the word nadib denotes a Jewish Maecenas), against whom he had brought an action, demurred to appearing before the rabbinical court at Troyes; and being supported by Isaac ben Samuel...of Dampierre, had his ase referred to another tribunal (ross, "Gallia Judaica," pp. 165, 239). Yom Tob ha-Nadib, the son of Eleazar, being placed in a similar position, also refused to be judged at Troyes, and...was sustained in his contention by Judah Sire Leon of Paris ("Rev. Et.Juives," vii.42(. At the same time, Simson ben Abraham of Sens took the part of the son-in-law of Simson of Troyes, who, being afraid of the...
9. JONATHAN BEN DAVID HA-KOHEN OF LUNEL...went with Tobiah and Samuel ben Simson; he corresponded with Isaac ben Abraham of Dampierre, who had sent him a Talmudic responsum on a subject concerning the Holy Land.
10.BARUCH B. ISAAC (ha Kohen?)... Isaac b. Samuel of Dapierre, Baruch wrote tosafot to several treatises (e.g., Kiddushin, Nazir, Shabbat, Hullin): nearly all those extant on the order Zebahim are his A. Epstein believes that the ...tosafist and codifier; flourished about 1200. He was born at Worms, but lived at Regensburg; hence he is sometimes called after the one and sometimes after the other city. A pupil of the great Tosafist...commentary on the Sifra contained in the Munich MS. No.59 is the work of this Baruch. He is the author also of the legal compendium, "Sefer ha-Terumah" (book of the Heave-Offering, Venice 1523; Zolkiev, 1811...
11. JUDAH BEN ISAAC...French tosafist, born in Paris 1166, died there 1224 (Solomon Luria, Responsa,No.29). According to Gross he was probably a descendant of Rashi, and a pupil of Isaac b. Samuel of Dampierre and his son...associated with Abraham, occurs the name of Leo blund, whom Jacobs identifies with Judah ben Isaac (ib.p.88; comp. Bacher, in "J.Q.R."vi.360). Sir Leon must have left Paris in 1182...when all Jews were expelled from the French king's dominions; he did not return till 1198. According to Gross, however, he received his chief training at Dampierre under Simson of Sens, Simson of Coucy, Solomon of...
12. SAMSON BEN ABRAHAM OF SENS...School of Rabbi Isaac ben Samuel ha-Zaaen of Dampierre, after whose death he took charge of the school of Sens. Asheri says of him that after R. Tam and Isaac ben Samuel, he exercised the greatest influence upon....the Younger to distinguish him from his t eacher, Isaac the Elder (Isaac ben Samuel), whom he succeeded as principal of the school of Dampierre; is also onae of the prominent toafists. He wrote, too, some....Talmudic studies in France and in Germany during the 13th century. Joseph Colon declares that Isaac ben Samiuel, Judah Sir Leon of Paris, and Samson ben Abraham formed the three strong pillars of the northern...
13. SAMSON BEN SAMSON ....Museum.) Samson was a disciple of Isaac "ben Samuel the Elder of Dampierre and one of the prominent rabbis to whom Meir ben Todros Abulafia addressed his letter of protest against Maimonides...
Isaac ben Moses of Vienna, with whom Samson corresponded, was one of his pupils. Many of Samson's ritual deisions are mentioned in the rabbinical works "Or Zarua"," "SeMaG," "Orhot Hayyim," and "PIske Rekantati...commentator. Samson was a descendant of Joseph b. Samuel Bonfils, a nephew of the tosafist Judah of Corbeil, and a brother-in-law of Moses of Concy, who in "SeMaG" often quotes him. In the glosses of Perez on "SeMaG....
14. TOUL...mentioned R. Eliezer of Toul, the author of tosafot; and his brothe Abraham, a pupil of Rabbi Isaac the Elder of Damierre and identical, according to Gross, with Abraham of V12p211002.jpg.
15. CHATEAU-THIERRY...ALSO ASCRIBED TO HIM (zUNZ, "z.g."P.38). ZUNZ (l.c.) says that Samuel was the son of R. Yom-Tob of Evreux and the disciple of R. Isaac b. Abraham of Dampieerre. Gross ("Gallia Judaica," p. 39) on the ...contrary, identifies him with R. Samuel ben Shneor, the correspondent of R. Jehiel of Paris, and Nathaniel, the Elder, of Chinon. R. Isaac and his son Bonne Vie are two scholars of this place only known through...the Pious, one of the celebrated French rabbis to whom R. Meir ben Todros Abuilafia of Toledo addressed, about 1204, his letter against the theory of the resurrection as propounded by Maimonides. Samuel of...
16. ABRAHAM BEN NATHAN...abraham-ben-david-of-posuieres
His regular rabbinical studies, however, were pursued at Dampierre, in northern France, at the academy of R. Isaac ben Samuel, called R....epistolary conclusion: Shalom! A.B.N." (Greeting! Abraham ben Nathan). The 2nd part contains extracts from the halakic works of Alfasi, Isaac ibn Giat, and Isaac ben Abba Mari, a relative of Abraham's. The...French author, born in the 2nd half of the 12th century, probably at Luinei, Languedoc. He received his education in that town, after which he is sometimes called ("RABN"=RABBI ABRAHAM BEN NATHAN...
17. TOSAFOT...
It is the critical and explanatory note on the Talmud by French and German scholars of the 12th-14th centuries, first meant to be supplements to Rashi's Talmud commentary. What is the Talmud? We have 2 of them; the Babylonian version and the Palestinian version. They are the records of academic discussion and of judicial administration of JEWISH LAW.
Samuel ha-Zaen (RI) of Dampierre, whose tosafot form a part of the Tosafot Yshanim (see below). Isaac was succeeded by his pupil ben-abraham-of-sens" Samson ben...No.6). After the death of Isaac ben Samuel, Isaac ben Abraham succeeded him as head of the school of Dampierre, after which place he is often called ("Or Zarua", i.225a). Isaac ben Abraham was oneof the...tosafot (for example, those to Kiddushin by Isaac b. Samuel ha-Zaken of Dampierre, and those to 'Abodah Zarah by his son, Elhanan b. Isaac); (3) a collection of old tosafot published by Joseph Jessel b. Wolf ha-Levi...
Interestingly, the Crusaders have a story as well about Guy de Dampierre and a damsel named Rebecca. Could it be that a Crusader fell in love with a Jewish maiden? It's a Scottish tale. She is the image of Elizabeth Taylor, who did convert to Judaism, by the way. It's the story of IVANHOE: Loyal British knight Wilfred of Ivanhoe (Robert Taylor) sets out on a mission to free the kidnapped King of England, Richard the Lionheart (Norman Wooland), in this rousing adventure tale. The brave Ivanhoe must eventually confront the devious Prince John (Guy Rolfe) and the fierce Norman warrior Brian de Bois-Guilbert (George Sanders), while also juggling the affections of the beautiful maidens Rowena (Joan Fontaine) and Rebecca (Elizabeth Taylor).
Bibliography:
Azulai, Shem ha-Gedolim, i.;
Michael, Or haHayyim, pp. 511-513;
Qwiaa, Soe, ic.286, 342, 349;
Gratz, Gesch. 3d ed., vi. 210, 211, 214;
Gross, Gallia Judaica, pp. 161- 168, 638
idem, in R.E.J.vii. 76;
Neubauer, ib. xvii.67
Resource:
https://goldfoot_genealogy.blogspot.com/2014/10/goldfoot-genealogy-from-rabbis-of-worms.html
https://goldfoot_genealogy.blogspot.com/2015/08/unusual-connecting-to-wertheimer-family.html
http://www.pienisalaliittotutkimus.com/2018/02/17/origins-of-the-ashkenazi-jews/
Labels: Ashkenazis, Crusaders, Dampierre, France, genealogy, Isaac ben Samuel Ha-Zaken, King David, Rabbi Wertheimer, Rabbis, Rashi, Troyes
Saturday, December 09, 2017
Tracing an Ashkenazi daughter's genes to Jerusalem
Nadene Goldfoot
Genesis tells us Adam, and then Eve came from the Garden of Eden. Genetics tell us a similar story, and that is we came from the Garden of Africa. Homo Sapiens migrated from there in different time periods to Asia and the Middle East and then spread outward to Europe. I'm following the history of a Jewish Ashkenazi female with W as her mitochondrial haplogroup. Her father was one of the last Jews to get out of Germany in 1939, Y haplogroup unknown.
Our Ashkenazi daughter's history is that she is 100% Ashkenazi from family history and by DNA. This means she is 100% from Jewish ancestors found in Germany after 70 CE when the Romans had destroyed the 2nd Temple in Jerusalem and had burned the city. Both parents were undoubtedly 100% Ashenazis. German Jews and their descendants who had to remain in Europe were called the Ashkenazim.
They all started off from Africa with genes of distant ancestors from the Pleistone Epoch era of 2.6 million years; 11,700 years ago. They were the Hunters and Gatherers. They migrated into Europe finally about 45,000 years ago in bands. 15% of her genes reflected this history.
Then about 8,000 to 7000, after the ice age in the Neolithic Era, the New Stone Age people came from the area around Syria and Israel to Europe and into the area of Germany. They became farmers. 66% of her genes reflected these people.
The Bronze age was the age discovering metal and thus developed Invaders of land. This occurred 3,000 to 1,000 BCE. They were among the 3rd migration of homo Sapiens into Europe. 17% of her genes reflected being among this group of people. This would be the people of the ancient land of Israel.
Out of being 100% Ashkenazi, her genes reflected having less than 2% from non-European history, and that turned out to be a few segments of less than 1% from East Central Africa. This area was further listed as from the areas of Ethiopia, or even South Somalia, Sudan Zambia, or Bantu. I'll go with Ethiopia, being we believe this to be where Sheba came from who ventured forth and went to visit King Solomon. She had returned with her servants being pregnant.
During the Farming period, we find our Ashkenazi girl's ancestors in Egypt awaiting freedom from Moses, who returned at age 80 with the plan he carried out and for 40 years afterward, migrated with his 600,000 freed slaves, a mixture of his kinfolk from Jacob's 12 tribes of 400 years earlier and the other slaves caught by the Egyptians. Their travails of 40 years took them from Egypt to the land of Canaan, land where Jacob's family of 70 had left during a drought in search of food which had taken them to Egypt in the first place. This Exodus, said to take place 480 years before the 1st Temple built by King Solomon took place, and Solomon was king from 961 to 920 BCE, happened around 1,500 BCE.
Unlike the seeds that farmers plant, we know that our homo Sapiens developed from a special place, told to us in our Bible and by geneticists who say Africa, and was able to survive and multiply. We learn this from studying our genes, something found in every cell of our body. This is how these ancient genes reflect their deep history. Then from written history of our Tanakh, we know the rest, and how the Jewish people wound up in Egypt and how they left and entered Canaan and created the empire of Israel.
There, unknown to her in Egypt, were the ancestors of her future male ancestor who was born and raised in Lithuania With their Ydna of Q (5% of male Jews today carry this haplogroup) , they had followed similar steps, but found themselves 24,500 years ago living in Central Asia which was mainly in South Central Siberia and in parts of Turkey. From there they migrated to an area around Ur, where Abraham's family had moved as the Israelites, coming from the East. It's thought that East meant around the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. They had broken away from the main body which went on to become the Indians of South and Central America and native Americans of North America. Here they met up with Jacob who carried the J1 haplogroup, called the Cohen gene of which the male family descendants of Abraham carried. The Levites were destined to become the Priests, fathered by Aaron, brother of Moses, who Moses chose to be the first, and they carried the J1. Aaron had many descendants, so J1 is found in a larger % of Jewish men than the Q-M242 line with this particular one upgraded to be called ZBZ67.
What's interesting is that our Ashkenazi girl, whose genes were from Israelites, was made up of her parents from the tribe of Judah, the tribe that later became the Jews. The kingdom of Judah was created when King Solomon of Israel had died and the southern section became Judah. Judah, besides being populated by the tribal members of Judah, also included most of Benjamin and presumably absorbed the tribe of Simeon which was isolated in the extreme Southern end. Judah contained the territory of Jerusalem and its Temple.
Jacob had had 12 sons and 1 daughter, and Judah was born to him through Leah, his first wife, who was also his first cousin. Jacob's paternal grandparents had been Abraham and Sarah, uncle and niece. . His parents had been Isaac and Rebekah who were 1st cousins once removed, and of course, Isaac's father was Abraham. Jewish people tend to be endogamous for a good part of their history, like many Arabs.
Leah's parents had been Laban and Adinahand. They were not known to be related. Laban's father was Bethuel, and Bethuel was the son of Nahor II of Ur of the Chaldees and who had died in Haran. Ur was an ancient Babylonian city, home of Abraham before his family's departure for Haran. In fact, his father, Terah, was known to be an idol maker. Sir Leonard Woolley, who did excavations in the ruins, revealed that he found a highly civilized nature of the city in Abraham's time as well as finding evidence of an extensive flood at an earlier date. All this was recorded carefully.
Haran originally was the name of Abraham's brother, the father of Lot. He was from Ur of the Chaldees, which was a trading town in NW Mesopotamia (Iraq). It was also the center of a moon cult, mentioned several times in Genesis. Assyrian inscriptions from this time mention a Habiru (Hebrew) settlement in the vicinity which some scholars link with Terah's home there. A Jewish community lived there and was found by Benjamin of Tudela in the 12th Century CE.
From the story of Noah and his 3 sons; Shem, Ham and Japheth, we find that humans were then divided into the lines of his 3 sons, and that Canaanites who lived in Canaan were descended from Canaan, son of Ham and then they were divided into 11 other clans who occupied the area between the Nile and the Euphrates (Gen. 10:15-19). Abraham and his descendants had their origins from Shem. Abraham's life was in the 2nd millennium BCE and was probably born in about 1948 BCE. Japheth had been promised wide territories and 14 peoples, mostly in the Indo-European language group that ranged from the Caucasus to the Aegean came from him.
One of Abraham's forefathers was Eber. Eber was also the forefather of Joktan, the ancestor of southern Arabs, and we know that several Arab tribes are counted among the descendants of Abraham. That's why we call them our "cousins." Arabs trace their origin to Ishmael, first son of Abraham and Hagar, Sarah's Egyptian handmaiden who later found himself as Isaac's half brother who was the son of Abraham and Sarah. It's fascinating that this event was the start of dissonance and bloodshed between Arabs and Jews starting around 620, something that would take place about 2 thousand years later.
Assyrians attacked Israel in 722 and 721 BCE and led Jews away into captivity.
Babylonians attacked Israel in 597 and 586 BCE and took away Jews as slaves as well. Their leader,
Nebuchadnezar, destroyed Solomon's Temple that stood in Jerusalem. These slaves ended up in Persia
where the king there freed them in 538 BCE after being in captivity and told them to return to Jerusalem
and rebuild their Temple.
Romans destroyed the 2nd Temple in 70 CE and burned Jerusalem, forcing many Jews to leave the city.
They took Jews they found as slaves and marched through Rome with plunder from Jerusalem.
20th Century: Israel's re-birth: May 14, 1948
Jerusalem in Israeli hands again: June 5-June 10, 1967-end of 6 Day War
We know that we have matched Rabbi Wertheimer (1658-1724) in Worms, Germany who matched RASHI, and RASHI had King David on his tree, so these facts give credence to people moving into the area around Germany. Wertheimer died in Vienna, Austria.
This Ashkenazi girl has found through triangulation of her genes in a DNA study to be related to Rabbi Samson Wertheimer or his brother of Worms, Germany and Vienna, Austria.
He in turn held a genealogy showing his relation to RASHI (1040-1105) of Troyes, France who also lived and taught in the Rhineland of what became Germany. Rashi was a famous commentator on the Bible. RASHI had a genealogy chart showing his relationship to King David of Jerusalem.
Resource: picture of Haj Amin al-Husseini meeting with Hitler in Germany to talk about the Jewish situation in Europe. He was all for getting rid of the Jews. He had the position, given to him by a Jew of Britain, as Sherif of Jerusalem and didn't want to lose it. The Ottoman Empire had been on Germany's side during WWI. It happens that they continued supporting Germany.
Family Tree DNA's familyfinder program
Halpern & Branches Group from FTDNA.
The New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia
Tanakh; The Stone Edition, ArtScroll Series, Mesorah Publications, Ltd. (Old Testament)
http://jewishfactsfromportland.blogspot.com/2010/01/what-haplogroup-we-be.html
http://jewishfactsfromportland.blogspot.com/2009/09/jewish-womens-dna.html
Genesis tells us Adam, and then Eve came from the Garden of Eden. Genetics tell us a similar story, and that is we came from the Garden of Africa. Homo Sapiens migrated from there in different time periods to Asia and the Middle East and then spread outward to Europe. I'm following the history of a Jewish Ashkenazi female with W as her mitochondrial haplogroup. Her father was one of the last Jews to get out of Germany in 1939, Y haplogroup unknown.
Our Ashkenazi daughter's history is that she is 100% Ashkenazi from family history and by DNA. This means she is 100% from Jewish ancestors found in Germany after 70 CE when the Romans had destroyed the 2nd Temple in Jerusalem and had burned the city. Both parents were undoubtedly 100% Ashenazis. German Jews and their descendants who had to remain in Europe were called the Ashkenazim.
Out of being 100% Ashkenazi, her genes reflected having less than 2% from non-European history, and that turned out to be a few segments of less than 1% from East Central Africa. This area was further listed as from the areas of Ethiopia, or even South Somalia, Sudan Zambia, or Bantu. I'll go with Ethiopia, being we believe this to be where Sheba came from who ventured forth and went to visit King Solomon. She had returned with her servants being pregnant.
 |
| Moses giving his following the 10 Commandments, the first of 613 laws. |
Unlike the seeds that farmers plant, we know that our homo Sapiens developed from a special place, told to us in our Bible and by geneticists who say Africa, and was able to survive and multiply. We learn this from studying our genes, something found in every cell of our body. This is how these ancient genes reflect their deep history. Then from written history of our Tanakh, we know the rest, and how the Jewish people wound up in Egypt and how they left and entered Canaan and created the empire of Israel.
There, unknown to her in Egypt, were the ancestors of her future male ancestor who was born and raised in Lithuania With their Ydna of Q (5% of male Jews today carry this haplogroup) , they had followed similar steps, but found themselves 24,500 years ago living in Central Asia which was mainly in South Central Siberia and in parts of Turkey. From there they migrated to an area around Ur, where Abraham's family had moved as the Israelites, coming from the East. It's thought that East meant around the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. They had broken away from the main body which went on to become the Indians of South and Central America and native Americans of North America. Here they met up with Jacob who carried the J1 haplogroup, called the Cohen gene of which the male family descendants of Abraham carried. The Levites were destined to become the Priests, fathered by Aaron, brother of Moses, who Moses chose to be the first, and they carried the J1. Aaron had many descendants, so J1 is found in a larger % of Jewish men than the Q-M242 line with this particular one upgraded to be called ZBZ67.
 |
| Moses and brother Aaron, carriers of the J1 haplogroup |
 |
Descendants of Jacob-Israel
1 [1] Jacob-Israel d: in Goshen, E. Egypt age 147
.. +Leah b: in Aram, daughter of Laban, mother of Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Zebulun and Dinah; 1st cousin of Jacob
*2nd Wife of [1] Jacob-Israel:
.. +Rachel, sister of Leah, mother of Joseph and Benjamin; 1st cousin of Jacob
*Friend of [1] Jacob-Israel:
.. +Bilhah , mother of Dan and Naphtali
*Friend of [1] Jacob-Israel:
.. +Zilpah, mother of Gad and Asher
|
Leah's parents had been Laban and Adinahand. They were not known to be related. Laban's father was Bethuel, and Bethuel was the son of Nahor II of Ur of the Chaldees and who had died in Haran. Ur was an ancient Babylonian city, home of Abraham before his family's departure for Haran. In fact, his father, Terah, was known to be an idol maker. Sir Leonard Woolley, who did excavations in the ruins, revealed that he found a highly civilized nature of the city in Abraham's time as well as finding evidence of an extensive flood at an earlier date. All this was recorded carefully.
Haran originally was the name of Abraham's brother, the father of Lot. He was from Ur of the Chaldees, which was a trading town in NW Mesopotamia (Iraq). It was also the center of a moon cult, mentioned several times in Genesis. Assyrian inscriptions from this time mention a Habiru (Hebrew) settlement in the vicinity which some scholars link with Terah's home there. A Jewish community lived there and was found by Benjamin of Tudela in the 12th Century CE.
From the story of Noah and his 3 sons; Shem, Ham and Japheth, we find that humans were then divided into the lines of his 3 sons, and that Canaanites who lived in Canaan were descended from Canaan, son of Ham and then they were divided into 11 other clans who occupied the area between the Nile and the Euphrates (Gen. 10:15-19). Abraham and his descendants had their origins from Shem. Abraham's life was in the 2nd millennium BCE and was probably born in about 1948 BCE. Japheth had been promised wide territories and 14 peoples, mostly in the Indo-European language group that ranged from the Caucasus to the Aegean came from him.
Assyrians attacked Israel in 722 and 721 BCE and led Jews away into captivity.
Babylonians attacked Israel in 597 and 586 BCE and took away Jews as slaves as well. Their leader,
Nebuchadnezar, destroyed Solomon's Temple that stood in Jerusalem. These slaves ended up in Persia
where the king there freed them in 538 BCE after being in captivity and told them to return to Jerusalem
and rebuild their Temple.
Romans destroyed the 2nd Temple in 70 CE and burned Jerusalem, forcing many Jews to leave the city.
They took Jews they found as slaves and marched through Rome with plunder from Jerusalem.
20th Century: Israel's re-birth: May 14, 1948
Jerusalem in Israeli hands again: June 5-June 10, 1967-end of 6 Day War
We know that we have matched Rabbi Wertheimer (1658-1724) in Worms, Germany who matched RASHI, and RASHI had King David on his tree, so these facts give credence to people moving into the area around Germany. Wertheimer died in Vienna, Austria.
 |
| Samson Wertheimer (1658-1724) |
 |
King David was Israel's 2nd king after King Saul of the tribe of Benjamin being the son of Kish. Saul had problems, enjoying the soothing music that David played on his harp. David was from the tribe of Judah, son of Jesse. He was king of Israel from about 1,000 to 960 BCE.
Ashkenazis had lived in Europe ever since the Roman destruction of the Temple in 70 CE, and some had even entered there before this event as slaves to the Romans or possibly as traders. When Rome destroyed Jerusalem, they had no choice. Leaders had knowledge of Rome and Europe, so led escapees there, while others escaped to Spain, becoming the Sephardi Jews. Those that found refuge in the surrounding area which even included Syria and Egypt, became the Mizrachi Jews. Many Jews lived in Aleppo, Syria which became their main city of business.
Our enemies have delighted in spreading the fake news that Ashkenazis (Jews) had just sprung up in Europe without any connection to Israel. False. That is absurd. This girl has only Ashkenazi genes showing the connection they once had to this great country, a good example of a family that continued to intermarry among their own people. The amazing point of this is that she has found a relationship between her parents with a father that left Germany for the first time of his family in 1939, and her mother who had her immediate ancestors come from Lithuania; Jews that migrated there from Germany through the ages. They had no idea that they were related, only knowing that they were both Jewish. The connected had to come from a time before Jews had to leave Germany.
We know that Jews lived in Germany in the 10th century in Worms, where her ancestor had lived. An intellectual life developed in the 11th century under Franco-Jewish influence. But in 1096 the
Crusaders entered and massacred the Jews throughout the Rhineland and adjacent areas. The Jews were attacked from then on. Life was not safe. Massacres continued in 1298. and on into 1348. 200 Jewish communities were utterly wiped out in Germany. You must understand that back in 321, the emperor Constantine issued regulations followed by all of Europe about handling Jews, people who wouldn't convert to their religion.
One just didn't demand to be let into another country as refugees like today. The Jews had to be invited, allowed. So by 1398, a branch of Jews called Karaites, were allowed to enter Lithuania. By 1495 Jews were living in Vilna, Grodno and Kovno totaling 10,000. In 1529 they actually received a charter saying they were allowed to move around freely and could find jobs.. Many became foreign traders, a skill they had lots of experience in through the ages.
And this brings us up to WWII 1939 when the Nazis were allowed to kill 6 million Jews; all of our Ashkenazi girl's relatives except for her father who escaped in 1939 to the USA were killed.
 |
Resource: picture of Haj Amin al-Husseini meeting with Hitler in Germany to talk about the Jewish situation in Europe. He was all for getting rid of the Jews. He had the position, given to him by a Jew of Britain, as Sherif of Jerusalem and didn't want to lose it. The Ottoman Empire had been on Germany's side during WWI. It happens that they continued supporting Germany.
Family Tree DNA's familyfinder program
Halpern & Branches Group from FTDNA.
The New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia
Tanakh; The Stone Edition, ArtScroll Series, Mesorah Publications, Ltd. (Old Testament)
http://jewishfactsfromportland.blogspot.com/2010/01/what-haplogroup-we-be.html
http://jewishfactsfromportland.blogspot.com/2009/09/jewish-womens-dna.html
Labels: Abraham, Adam and Eve, Crusaders, genes, Germany, haplogroup, history of Ashkenazim, Hitler, iran, Jacob, King David, Lithuania, Moses, Nazis, Rabbi Wertheimer, Rashi
